Benefits and Risks of PGD/PGS

Benefits

Helps detect known genetic diseases or chromosomal abnormalities.
Identifies abnormal embryos, preventing unhealthy embryos from being transferred to uterus.
Reduces multiple pregnancy risk by identifying healthy embryos for implantation.
Decreases risk to couples or individuals with serious inherited disorders of having children affected with same problem.

PGD and PGS require in vitro fertilization (IVF), which involves risks of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, multiple pregnancy, and increased risk of birth defects not related to the genetic test.
Risk of biopsy or freezing harming the embryo(s).
False negative results could mean an abnormal embryo is transferred to the uterus, resulting in a possible miscarriage, and healthy embryos are discarded, limiting chances of a healthy pregnancy.
Test could reveal there are no normal embryos to transfer.
Tests do not screen for all possible genetic diseases or disorders, so a healthy baby is not guaranteed from a tested embryo.

Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is a biopsy of the placenta 10-12 weeks into the pregnancy that can diagnose fetal genetic abnormalities. If an abnormality is detected, abortion may be considered.
Amniocentesis is a procedure performed 16 to 18 weeks into pregnancy that analyzes the amniotic fluid to check for fetal genetic abnormality. If one is detected, terminating the pregnancy may be considered.
Ultrasound, accompanied by blood tests, during pregnancy may also be able to detect abnormalities. However,,CVS or amniocentesis may be recommended to confirm a suspected diagnosis.
If the risk of inherited disease is very high, donor eggs or donor sperm can also be used.